Treaty with The Sauk and Foxes
July 15, 1830
Articles of a treaty made and concluded by William Clark
Superintendent of Indian Affairs and Willoughby Morgan, Col.
of the United States 1st Regt. Infantry, Commissioners on
behalf of the United States on the one part, and the undersigned
Deputations of the Confederated Tribes of the Sacs and Foxes;
the Medawah-Kanton, Wahpacoota, Wahpeton and Sissetong Bands
or Tribes of Sioux; the Omahas, Ioways, Ottoes and Missourias
on the other part.
The said Tribes being anxious to remove all causes which
may hereafter create any unfriendly feeling between them,
and being also anxious to provide other sources for supplying
their wants besides those of hunting, which they are sensible
must soon entirely fail them; agree with the United States
on the following Articles.
Article I.
The said Tribes cede and relinquish to the United States
forever all their right and title to the lands lying within
the following boundaries, to wit: Beginning at the upper fork
of the Demoine River, and passing the sources of the Little
Sioux, and Floyds Rivers, to the fork of the first creek which
falls into the Big Sioux or Calumet on the east side; thence,
down said creek, and Calumet River to the Missouri River;
thence down said Missouri River to the Missouri State line,
above the Kansas; thence along said line to the north west
corner of the said State, thence to the high lands between
the waters falling into the Missouri and Desmoines, passing
to said high lands along the dividing ridge between the forks
of the Grand River; thence along said high lands or ridge
separating the waters of the Missouri from those of the Demoine,
to a point opposite the source of Boyer River, and thence
in a direct line to the upper fork of the Demoine, the place
of beginning. But it is understood that the lands ceded and
relinquished by this Treaty, are to be assigned and allotted
under the direction of the President of the United States,
to the Tribes now living thereon, or to such other Tribes
as the President may locate thereon for hunting, and other
purposes.
Article II.
The confederated Tribes of the Sacs and Foxes, cede and relinquish
to the United States forever, a tract of Country twenty miles
in width, from the Mississippi to the Demoine; situate south,
and adjoining the line between the said confederated Tribes
of Sacs and Foxes, and the Sioux; as established by the second
article of the Treaty of Prairie du Chien of the nineteenth
of August one thousand eight hundred and twenty-five.
Article III.
The Medawah-Kanton, Wah-pa-coota, Wahpeton and Sisseton Bands
of the Sioux cede and relinquish to the United States forever,
a Tract of Country twenty miles in width, from the Mississippi
to the Demoine River, situate north, and adjoining the line
mentioned in the preceding article.
Article IV.
In consideration of the cessions and relinquishments made
in the first, second, and third articles of this Treaty, the
United States agree to pay to the Sacs, three thousand dollars, - and
to the Foxes three thousand dollars; To the Sioux of the Mississippi
two thousand dollars; - To the Yancton and Santie Bands
of Sioux three thousand dollars; - To the Omahas, two thousand
five hundred dollars; - To the Ioways two thousand five
hundred dollars; - To the Ottoes and Missourias two thousand
five hundred dollars, and to the Sacs of the Missouri River
five hundred dollars; to be paid annually for ten successive
years at such place, or places on the Mississippi or Missouri,
as may be most convenient to said Tribes, either in money,
merchandise, or domestic animals, at their option; and when
said annuities or any portion of them shall be paid in merchandise,
the same is to be delivered to them at the first cost of the
goods at St. Louis free of transportation. And the United
States further agree to make to the said Tribes and Bands,
the following allowances for the period of ten years, and
as long thereafter as the President of the United States may
think necessary and proper, in addition to the sums herein
before stipulated to be paid them; that is to say; To the
Bands of the Sioux mentioned in the third article, one Blacksmith
at the expense of the United States, and the necessary tools;
also instruments for agricultural purposes, and iron and steel
to the amount of seven hundred dollars; - To the Yancton
and Santie Bands of Sioux, one Blacksmith at the expense of
the United States, and the necessary tools, also instruments
for agricultural purposes to the amount of four hundred dollars;
To the Omahas one Blacksmith at the expense of the United
States, and the necessary tools, also instruments for agricultural
purposes to the amount of five hundred dollars; - To the
Ioways an assistant Blacksmith at the expense of the United
States, also instruments for agricultural purposes to the
amount of six hundred dollars; To the Ottoes and Missourias
one Blacksmith at the expense of the United States, and the
necessary tools, also instruments for agricultural purposes
to the amount of five hundred dollars; and to the Sacs of
the Missouri River, one Blacksmith at the expense of the United
States and the necessary tools; also instruments for agricultural
purposes to the amount of two hundred dollars.
Article V.
And the United States further agree to set apart three thousand
dollars annually for ten successive years, to be applied in
the discretion of the President of the United States, to the
education of the children of the said Tribes and Bands, parties
hereto.
Article VI.
The Yanckton and Santie Bands of the Sioux not being fully
represented, it is agreed, that if they shall sign this Treaty,
they shall be considered as parties thereto, and bound by
all its stipulations.
Article VII.
It is agreed between the parties hereto, that the lines shall
be run, and marked as soon as the President of the United
States may deem it expedient.
Article VIII.
The United States agree to distribute between the several
Tribes, parties hereto, five thousand, one hundred and thirty-two
dollars worth of merchandise, the receipt whereof, the said
Tribes hereby acknowledge; which, together with the amounts
agreed to be paid, and the allowances in the fourth and fifth
articles of this Treaty, shall be considered as a full compensation
for the cession and relinquishments herein made.
Article IX.
The Sioux Bands in Council having earnestly solicited that
they might have permission to bestow upon the half breeds
of their Nation, the tract of land within the following limits,
to wit: Beginning at a place called the barn, below and near
the village of the Red Wing Chief, and running back fifteen
miles; thence in a parallel line with Lake Pepin and the Mississippi,
about thirty-two miles to a point opposite Beef or O-Boeuf
River; thence fifteen miles to the Grand Encampment opposite
the River aforesaid; The United States agree to suffer said
half Breeds to occupy said tract of country; they holding
by the same title, and in the same manner that other Indian
Titles are held.
Article X.
The Omahas, Ioways and Ottoes, for themselves, and in behalf
of the Yanckton and Santie Bands of Sioux, having earnestly
requested that they might be permitted to make some provision
for their half-breeds, and particularly that they might bestow
upon them the tract of country within the following limits,
to wit; Beginning at the mouth of the Little Ne-mohaw River,
and running up the main channel of said River to a point which
will be ten miles from its mouth in a direct line; from thence
in a direct line, to strike the Grand Nemohaw ten miles above
its mouth, in a direct line (the distance between the two
Ne-mohaws being about twenty miles) - thence down said
River to its mouth; thence up, and with the Meanders of the
Missouri River to the point of beginning, it is agreed that
the half-breeds of said Tribes and Bands may be suffered to
occupy said tract of land; holding it in the same manner,
and by the same title that other Indian titles are held; but
the President of the United States may hereafter assign to
any of the said half-breeds, to be held by him or them in
fee simple, any portion of said tract not exceeding a section,
of six hundred and forty acres to each individual. And this
provision shall extend to the cession made by the Sioux in
the preceding Article.
Article XI.
The reservation of land mentioned in the preceding Article
having belonged to the Ottoes, and having been exclusively
ceded by them; it is agreed that the Omahas, the Ioways and
the Yanckton and Santie Bands of Sioux shall pay out of their
annuities to the said Ottoe Tribe, for the period of ten years,
Three hundred Dollars annually; of which sum the Omahas shall
pay one hundred Dollars, the Ioways one hundred Dollars, and
the Yanckton and Santie Bands one hundred dollars.
Article XII.
It is agreed that nothing contained in the foregoing Articles
shall be so construed as to affect any claim, or right in
common, which has heretofore been held by any Tribes, parties
to this Treaty, to any lands not embraced in the cession herein
made; but that the same shall be occupied and held by them
as heretofore.
Article XIII.
This Treaty, or any part thereof, shall take effect, and
be obligatory upon the Contracting parties, so soon as the
same shall be ratified by the President of the United States,
by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof.
Done, and signed, and sealed at Prairie du Chien, in the
Territory of Michigan, this fifteenth day of July, in the
year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and thirty, and
of the independence of the United States, the fifty-fifth.
- Wm. Clark, superintendent Indian affairs, [L. S.]
- Willough by Morgan, colonel First Infantry U. S. Army, commissioners. [L. S.]
Sacs:
- Mash-que-tai-paw, or red head, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Sheco-Calawko, or turtle shell, his x mark [L. S.]
- Kee-o-cuck, the watchful fox, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Poi-o-tahit, one that has no heart, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Os-hays-kee, ridge, his x mark, [L. S.]
- She-shee-quanince, little gourd, his x mark [L. S.]
- O-saw-wish-canoe, yellow bird, his x mark, [L. S.]
- I-onin, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Am-oway, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Niniwow-qua-saut, he that fears mankind, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Chaukee Manitou, the little spirit, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Moso-inn, the scalp, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Wapaw-chicannuck, fish of the white marsh, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Mesico, jic, his x mark, [L. S.]
Foxes:
- Wapalaw, the prince, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Taweemin, strawberry, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Pasha-sakay, son of Piemanschie, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Keewausette, he who climbs everywhere, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Naw-mee, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Appenioce, or the grand child, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Waytee-mins, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Nawayaw-cosi, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Manquo-pwam, the bear's hip, (Morgan,) his x mark, [L. S.]
- Kaw-Kaw-Kee, the crow, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Mawcawtay-ee-quoiquenake, black neck, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Watu-pawnonsh, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Meshaw-nuaw-peetay, the large teeth, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Cawkee-Kamack, always fish, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Mussaw-wawquott, his x mark, [L. S.]
Sioux of the Mississippi, Medawakanton band:
- Wabishaw, or red leaf, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Tchataqua Manie, or little crow, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Waumunde-tunkar, the great calumet eagle, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Taco-coqui-pishnee, he that fears nothing, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Wah-coo-ta, that shoots arrows, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Pay-taw-whar, the fire owner, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Kaugh-Mohr, the floating log, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Etarz-e-pah, the bow, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Teeah-coota, one that fires at the yellow, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Toh-kiah-taw-kaw, he who bites the enemy, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Nasiumpah, or the early riser, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Am-pa-ta-tah-wah, his day, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Wah-kee-ah-tunkar, big thunder, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Tauchaw-cadoota, the red road, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Tchaws-kesky, the elder, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Mauzau-hautau, the grey iron, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Wazee-o-monie, the walking pine, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Tachaw-cooash-tay, the good road, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Kie-ank-kaw, the mountain, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Mah-peau-mansaw, iron cloud, his x mark, [L. S.]
- E-taych-o-caw, half face, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Anoug-genaje, one that stands on both sides, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Hough-appaw, the eagle head, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Hooka-mooza, the iron limb, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Hoatch-ah-cadoota, the red voice, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Wat-chu-da, the dancer. [L. S.]
Wah-pah-coota band:
- Wiarh-hoh-ha, french crow, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Shans-konar, moving shadow, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Ah-pe-hatar, the grey mane, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Wahmedecaw-cahn-bohr, one that prays for the land, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Wah-con-de-kah-har, the one that makes the lightning, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Mazo-manie, or the iron that walks, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Mah-kah-ke-a-munch, one that flies on the land, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Mauzau-haut-amundee, the walking bell, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Kah-hih, the Menominie, his x mark. [L. S.]
Sussiton band:
- Ete-tahken-bah, the sleeping eyes, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Ho-toh-monie, groans when he walks, his x mark. [L. S.]
Omahahs:
- Opau-tauga, or the big elk, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Chonques-kaw, the white horse, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Tessan, the white crow, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Ishtan-mauzay, iron-eye, chief's son, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Waw-shin-ga-sau-bais, black bird, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Waugh-pay-shan, the one who scalps but a small part from the crown of the head, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Au-gum-an, the chief, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Age-en-gaw, the wing, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Non-bau-manie, the one that walks double, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Way-cosh-ton, the frequent feast giver, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Eh-que-naus-hus-kay, the second, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Iosey, (the son of Kawsay,) his x mark. [L. S.]
Ioways:
- Wassau-nie, or the medicine club, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Mauhoos Kan, white cloud, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Wo-hoompee, the broth, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Tah-roh-na, a good many deer, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Wa-nau-quash-coonie, without fear, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Pah-a-manie, one who walks on the snow, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Pie-kan-ha-igne, the little star, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Niayoo Manie, walking rain, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Nautah-hoo, burnt-wood, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Pai-tansa, the white crane, his x mark. [L. S.]
Ottoes:
- I-atan, or Shaumanie-Cassan, or prairie wolf, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Mehah-hun-jee, second daughter, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Wawronesan, the encircler, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Kansa-tauga, the big Kansas, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Noe-kee-sa-kay, strikes two, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Tchai-au-grai, the shield, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Mantoigne, the little bow, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Thee-rai-tchai-neehgrai, wolf-tail at the heel, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Oh-haw-kee-wano, that runs on the hills, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Rai-grai-a, speckled turtle, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Tchai-wah-tchee-ray, going by, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Krai-taunica, the hawk, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Mauto-a Kee-pah, that meets the bear, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Kai-wan-igne, little turtle, his x mark. [L. S.]
Missourias:
- Eh-shaw-manie, or the one who walks laughing, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Ohaw-tchee-ke-sakay, one who strikes the Little Osages, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Wamshe-katou-nat, the great man, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Shoug-resh-kay, the horse fly, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Tahmegrai-Soo-igne, little deer's dung, his x mark, [L. S.]
Missouri Sacs:
- Sau-kis-quoi-pee, his x mark, [L. S.]
- She-she-quene, the gourd, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Nochewai-tasay, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Mash-quaw-siais, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Nawai-yak-oosee, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Wee-tay-main, one that goes with the rest, his x mark, [L. S.]
The assent of the Yancton and Santie Bands of Sioux, to the
foregoing treaty is given. In testimony whereof, the chiefs,
braves, and principal men of said bands have hereunto signed
their names and acknowledge the same, at St. Louis, this 13th
October, 1830.
Yancton and Santie Bands of Siouxs:
- Matto-Sa-Becha, the black bear, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Pa-con-okra, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Citta-eutapishma, he who dont eat buffalo, his x mark, [L. S.]
- To-ki-e-ton, the stone with horns, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Cha-pon-ka, or mosquitoe, his x mark, [L. S.]
- To-ki-mar-ne, he that walks ahead, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Wock-ta-ken-dee, kills and comes back, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Ha Sazza, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Chigga Wah-shu-she, little brave, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Wah-gho-num-pa, cotton wood on the neck, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Zuyesaw, warrior, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Tokun Ohomenee, revolving stone, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Eta-ga-nush-kica, mad face, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Womendee Dooter, red war eagle, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Mucpea A-har-ka, cloud elk, his x mark, [L. S.]
- To-ka-oh, wounds the enemy, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Pd-ta-sun eta womper, white buffalo with two faces, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Cha-tun-kia, sparrow hawk, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Ke-un-chun-ko, swift flyer, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Ti-ha-uhar, he that carries his horn, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Sin-ta-nomper, two tails, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Wo-con Cashtaka, the whipt spirit, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Ta Shena Pater, fiery blanket, his x mark, [L. S.]
In presence of -
- Jno. Ruland, secretary to the commission.
- Jon. L. Bean, special agent,
- Law Taliaferro, Indian agent at St. Peters,
- R. B. Mason, captain, First Infantry,
- G. Loomis, captain, First Infantry,
- James Peterson, lieutenant and adjutant,
- H. B. M., Thirty-third Regiment,
- N. S. Harris, lieutenant and adjutant, regiment, U. S. Infantry,
- Henry Bainbridge, lieutenant, U. S. Army,
- John Gale, surgeon, U. S. Army,
- J. Archer, lieutenant, U. S. Army,
- J. Dougherty, Indian agent,
- Thos. A. Davies, lieutenant, infantry,
- Wm. S. Williamson, sub-Indian agent,
- And. S. Hughes, sub-Indian agent,
- A. G. Baldwin, lieutenant, Third Infantry,
- David D. Mitchell,
- H. L. Donsman,
- Wynkoop Warner,
- Geo. Davenport,
- Wm. Hempstead,
- Benjamin Mills,
- Wm. H. Warfield, lieutenant, Third Infantry,
- Sam. R. Throokmoor,
- John Connelly,
- Amos Farror,
- Antoine Le Claire, interpreter of Sacs and Foxes,
- Stephen Julian, United States interpreter,
- Jacques Mette, interpreter,
- Michel Berda, his x mark, Mohow interpreter,
- S. Campbell, United States interpreter.
Witnesses to the signatures of the Yancton and Santie bands
of Sioux, at Fort Tecumseh, Upper Missouri, on the fourth
day of September, 1830:
- Wm. Gordon,
- James Archdale Hamilton,
- David D. Mitchell,
- Wm. Saidlau,
- Jacob Halsey.
Witnesses present at the signing and acknowledgment of the
Yancton and Santie Deputations:
- Jno. Ruland, secretary to Commissioners.
- Jon. L. Bean, sub-Indian agent for Upper Missouri,
- Felix F. Wain, Indian agent for Sacs and Foxes,
- John F. A. Sanford, United States Indian agent.
- William C. Heyward, U. S. Army,
- D. J. Royster, U. S. Infantry,
- Samuel Kinney, U. S. Army,
- Merewether Lewis Clark, Sixth Regiment Infantry,
- Jacques Mette.
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