Treaty with The Sauk
May 13, 1816
A treaty of peace and friendship made and concluded at
St. Louis between William Clark, Ninian Edwards, and Auguste
Chouteau, commissioners plenipotentiary of the United States
of America, on the part and behalf of the said states, of
the one part, and the undersigned chiefs and warriors of the
Sacs of Rock river and the adjacent country, of the other
part.
WHEREAS by the ninth article of the treaty of peace, which
was concluded on the twenty-fourth day of December, eighteen
hundred and fourteen, between the United States and Great
Britain, at Ghent, and which was ratified by the president,
with the advice and consent of the senate, on the seventeenth
day of February, eighteen hundred and fifteen, it was stipulated
that the said parties should severally put an end to all hostilities
with the Indian tribes, with whom they might be at war, at
the time of the ratification of said treaty; and to place
the said tribes inhabiting their respective territories, on
the same footing upon which they stood before the war: Provided,
they should agree to desist from all hostilities against the
said parties, their citizens or subjects respectively, upon
the ratification of the said treaty being notified to them,
and should so desist accordingly.
And whereas the United States being determined to execute
every article of the treaty with perfect good faith, and wishing
to be particularly exact in the execution of the article above
alluded to, relating to the Indian tribes: The president,
in consequence thereof, for that purpose, on the eleventh
day of March, eighteen hundred and fifteen, appointed the
undersigned William Clark, governor of Missouri territory,
Ninian Edwards, governor of Illinois territory, and Auguste
Chouteau, esq. of the Missouri territory, commissioners, with
full power to conclude a treaty of peace and amity with all
those tribes of Indians, conformably to the stipulations contained
in the said article, on the part of the United States, in
relation to such tribes.
And whereas the commissioners, in conformity with their instructions
in the early part of last year, notified the Sacks of Rock
river, and the adjacent country, of the time of the ratification
of said treaty; of the stipulations it contained in relation
to them; of the disposition of the American government to
fulfil those stipulations, by entering into a treaty with
them, conformably thereto; and invited the said Sacs of Rock
river, and the adjacent country, to send forward a deputation
of their chiefs to meet the said commissioners at Portage
des Sioux, for the purpose of concluding such a treaty as
aforesaid, between the United States and the said Indians,
and the said Sacs of Rock river, and the adjacent country,
having not only declined that friendly overture, but having
continued their hostilities, and committed many depredations
thereafter, which would have justified the infliction of the
severest chastisement upon them; but having earnestly repented
of their conduct, now imploring mercy, and being anxious to
return to the habits of peace and friendship with the United
States; and the latter being always disposed to pursue the
most liberal and humane policy towards the Indian tribes within
their territory, preferring their reclamation by peaceful
measures, to their punishment, by the application of the military
force of the nation - Now, therefore,
The said William Clark, Ninian Edwards, and Auguste Chouteau,
commissioners as aforesaid, and the undersigned chiefs and
warriors, as aforesaid, for the purpose of restoring peace
and friendship between the parties, do agree to the following
articles:
Article 1.
The Sacs of Rock river, and the adjacent country, do hereby
unconditionally assent to recognize, re-establish, and confirm
the treaty between the United States of America and the United
tribes of Sacs and Foxes, which was concluded at St. Louis,
on the third day of November, one thousand eight hundred and
four; as well as all other contracts and agreements, heretofore
made between the Sac tribe or nation, and the United States.
Article 2.
The United States agree to place the aforesaid Sacs of Rock
river, on the same footing upon which they stood before the
war; provided they shall, on or before the first day of July
next, deliver up to the officer commanding at cantonment Davis,
on the Mississippi, all the property they, or any part of
their tribe, have plundered or stolen from the citizens of
the United States, since they were notified, as aforesaid,
of the time of the ratification of the late treaty between
the United States and Great Britain.
Article 3.
If the said tribe shall fail or neglect to deliver up the
property aforesaid, or any part thereof, on or before the
first day of July aforesaid, they shall forfeit to the United
States all right and title to their proportion of the annuities
which, by the treaty of St. Louis, were covenanted to be paid
to the Sac tribe; and the United States shall for ever afterwards
be exonerated from the payment of so much of said annuities
as, upon a fair distribution, would fall to the share of that
portion of the Sacs who are represented by the undersigned
chiefs and warriors.
Article 4.
This treaty shall take effect and be obligatory on the contracting
parties, unless the same shall be disapproved by the president
and senate of the United States, or by the president only:
and in the mean time all hostilities shall cease from this
date.
In testimony whereof, the said William Clark, Ninian Edwards,
and Auguste Chouteau, commissioners as aforesaid, and the
undersigned chiefs and warriors as aforesaid, have hereunto
set their hands and affixed their seals, this thirteenth day
of May, one thousand eight hundred and sixteen.
- Wm. Clark, [L. S.]
- Ninian Edwards, [L. S.]
- Auguste Chouteau, [L. S.]
- Anowart, or the One who speaks, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Namawenanu, or Sturgeon Man, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Nasawarku, or the Forks, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Namatchesa, or the Jumping Sturgeon, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Matchequawa, the Bad Axe, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Mascho, or Young Eagle, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Aquaosa, or a Lion coming out of the Water, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Mucketamachekaka, or Black Sparrow Hawk, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Poinaketa, or the Cloud that don't stop, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Mealeseta, or Bad Weather, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Anawashqueth, the Bad Root, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Wassekenequa, or Sharp-faced Bear, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Sakeetoo, or the Thunder that Frightens, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Warpaloka, or the Rumbling Thunder, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Kemealosha, or the Swan that flies in the rain, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Pashekomack, or the Swan that flies low, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Keotasheka, or the Running Partridge, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Wapalamo, or the White Wolf, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Caskupwa, or the Swan whose wings crack when he flies, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Napetaka, or he who has a Swan's throat around his neck, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Mashashe, or the Fox, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Wapamukqua, or the White Bear, his x mark, [L. S.]
St. Louis, May 13th, 1816, Done in the presence of -
- R. Wash, secretary to the commission,
- R. Paul, C. T. of the C.
- J. Bt. Caron,
- Samuel Solomon,
- Interpreters.
- Joshua Norvell, Judge Advocate M. M.
- Joseph Perkins,
- Joseph Charless,
- B. G. Tavar,
- Charles Wm. Hunter,
- Cerre,
- M. La Croix,
- Gayol de Guirano,
- Boon Ingels,
- Moses Scott,
- James Sawyer.
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