Treaty with The Ottawa, etc
August 24. 1816
A treaty of Peace, Friendship, and Limits, made and concluded
between Ninian Edwards, William Clark, and Auguste Chouteau,
commissioners plenipotentiary of the United States of America,
on the part and behalf of said states, of the one part, and
the chiefs and warriors of the united tribes of Ottawas, Chipawas,
and Pottowotomees, residing on the Illinois and Melwakee rivers,
and their waters, and on the southwestern parts of Lake Michigan,
of the other part.
WHEREAS a serious dispute has for some time past existed
between the contracting parties relative to the right to a
part of the lands ceded to the United States by the tribes
of Sacs and Foxes, on the third day of November, one thousand
eight hundred and four, and both parties being desirous of
preserving a harmonious and friendly intercourse, and of establishing
permanent peace and friendship, have, for the purpose of removing
all difficulties, agreed to the following terms:
Article 1.
The said chiefs and warriors, for themselves and the tribes
they represent, agree to relinquish, and hereby do relinquish,
to the United States, all their right, claim, and title, to
all the land contained in the before-mentioned cession of
the Sacs and Foxes, which lies south of a due west line from
the southern extremity of Lake Michigan to the Mississippi
river. And they moreover cede to the United States all the
land contained within the following bounds, to wit: beginning
on the left bank of the Fox river of Illinois, ten miles above
the mouth of said Fox river; thence running so as to cross
Sandy creek, ten miles above its mouth; thence, in a direct
line, to a point ten miles north of the west end of the Portage,
between Chicago creek, which empties into Lake Michigan, and
the river Depleines, a fork of the Illinois; thence, in a
direct line, to a point on Lake Michigan, ten miles northward
of the mouth of Chicago creek; thence, along the lake, to
a point ten miles southward of the mouth of the said Chicago
creek; thence, in a direct line, to a point on the Kankakee,
ten miles above its mouth; thence, with the said Kankakee
and the Illinois river, to the mouth of Fox river, and thence
to the beginning: Provided, nevertheless, That the said tribes
shall be permitted to hunt and fish within the limits of the
land hereby relinquished and ceded, so long as it may continue
to be the property of the United States.
Article 2.
In consideration of the aforesaid relinquishment and cession,
the United States have this day delivered to said tribes a
considerable quantity of merchandise, and do agree to pay
them, annually, for the term of twelve years, goods to the
value of one thousand dollars, reckoning that value at the
first cost of the goods in the city or place in which they
shall be purchased, without any charge for transportation;
which said goods shall be delivered to the said tribes at
some place on the Illinois river, not lower down than Peoria.
And the said United States do moreover agree to relinquish
to the said tribes all the land contained in the aforesaid
cession of the Sacs and Foxes, which lies north of a due west
line, from the southern extremity of Lake Michigan to the
Mississippi river, except three leagues square at the mouth
of the Ouisconsing river, including both banks, and such other
tracts, on or near to the Ouisconsing and Mississippi rivers,
as the president of the United States may think proper to
reserve: Provided, That such other tracts shall not in the
whole exceed the quantity that would be contained in five
leagues square.
Article 3.
The contracting parties, that peace and friendship may be
permanent, promise that in all things whatever, they will
act with justice and correctness towards each other, and that
they will, with perfect good faith, fulfill all the obligations
imposed upon them by former treaties.
In witness whereof, the said Ninian Edwards, William Clark,
and Auguste Chouteau, commissioners aforesaid, and the chiefs
and war- riors of the aforesaid tribes, have hereunto subscribed
their names and affixed their seals, this twenty-fourth day
of August, one thousand eight hundred and sixteen, and of
the independence of the United States the forty-first.
- Ninian Edwards, [L. S.]
- William Clark, [L. S.]
- Auguste Chouteau, [L. S.]
- Mucketeypokee, or Black Partridge, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Sinnowchewone, by his brother Ignatius, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Mucketepennese, or Black Bird, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Bendegakewa, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Pemasaw, or Walker, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Ontawa, [L. S.]
- Nangesay, alias Stout, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Chamblee, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Cacake, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Shawanoe, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Wapunsy, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Cunnepepy, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Wonesee, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Richeikeming, or Lake, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Cabenaw, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Opaho, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Cowwesaut, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Chekinaka, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Macheweskeaway, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Spanquissee, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Ignatius, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Takaonenee, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Ottawonce, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Tawwaning, or Trader, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Cashshakee, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Nigigwash, his x mark, [L. S.]
- Sheshebungge, [L. S.]
- Mowais, or Little Wolf, his x mark, [L. S.]
Done at St. Louis, in the presence of -
- R. Wash, secretary to the commission,
- R. Graham, Indian agent for the Territory of Illinois,
- Thomas Forsyth, Indian agent,
- J. Maul, lieutenant Eight Regiment of Infantry,
- P. Provenchere, interpreter of the commissioners,
- Maurice Blondeaux, Indian agent, John Ruland.
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