Treaty with The Comanche, etc
August 24, 1835
Treaty with the Comanche and Witchetaw Indians and their
associated Bands.
FOR the purpose of establishing and perpetuating peace and
friendship between the United States of America and the Comanche
and Witchetaw nations, and their associated bands or tribes
of Indians, and between these nations or tribes, and the Cherokee
Muscogee, Choctaw, Osage, Seneca and Quapaw nations or tribes
of Indians, the President of the United States has, to accomplish
this desirable object, and to aid therein, appointed Governor
M. Stokes, M. Arbuckle Brigdi.-Genl. United States army, and
F. W. Armstrong, Actg. Supdt. Western Territory, commissioners
on the part of the United States; and the said Governor M.
Stokes and M. Arbuckle, Brigdi. Genl. United States army,
with the chiefs and representatives of the Cherokee, Muscogee,
Choctaw, Osage, Seneca, and Quapaw nations or tribes of Indians,
have met the chiefs, warriors, and representatives of the
tribes first above named at Camp Holmes, on the eastern border
of the Grand Prairie, near the Canadian river, in the Muscogee
nation, and after full deliberation, the said nations or tribes
have agreed with the United States, and with one another upon
the following articles:
Article 1.
There shall be perpetual peace and friendship between all
the citizens of the United States of America, and all the
individuals composing the Comanche and Witchetaw nations and
their associated bands or tribes of Indians, and between these
nations or tribes and the Cherokee, Muscogee, Choctaw, Osage,
Seneca and Quapaw nations or tribes of Indians.
Article 2.
Every injury or act of hostility by one or either of the
contracting parties on the other, shall be mutually forgiven
and forever forgot.
Article 3.
There shall be a free and friendly intercourse between all
the contracting parties hereto, and it is distinctly understood
and agreed by the Comanche and Witchetaw nations and their
associated bands or tribes of Indians, that the citizens of
the United States are freely permitted to pass and repass
through their settlements or hunting ground without molestation
or injury on their way to any of the provinces of the Republic
of Mexico, or returning therefrom, and that each of the nations
or tribes named in this article, further agree to pay the
full value for any injury their people may do to the goods
or property of the citizens of the United States taken or
destroyed, when peaceably passing through the country they
inhabit, or hunt in, or elsewhere. And the United States hereby
guaranty to any Indian or Indians of either of the said Comanche
or Witchetaw nations, and their associated bands or tribes
of Indians, a full indemnification for any horses or other
property which may be stolen from them: Provided, that the
property so stolen cannot be recovered, and that sufficient
proof is produced that it was actually stolen by a citizen
of the United States, and within the limits thereof.
Article 4.
It is understood and agreed by all the nations or tribes
of Indians parties to this treaty, that each and all of the
said nations or tribes have free permission to hunt and trap
in the Great Prairie west of the Cross Timber, to the western
limits of the United States.
Article 5.
The Comanche and Witchetaw nations and their associated bands
or tribes of Indians, severally agree and bind themselves
to pay full value for any injury their people may do to the
goods or other property of such traders as the President of
the United States may place near to their settlements or hunting
ground for the purpose of trading with them.
Article 6.
The Comanche and Witchetaw nations and their associated bands
or tribes of Indians, agree, that in the event any of the
red people belonging to the nations or tribes residing south
of the Missouri river and west of the State of Missouri, not
parties to this treaty, should visit their towns or be found
on their hunting ground, that they will treat them with kindness
and friendship and do no injury to them in any way whatever.
Article 7.
Should any difficulty hereafter unfortunately arise between
any of the nations or tribes of Indians parties hereunto,
in consequence of murder, the stealing of horses, cattle,
or other cause, it is agreed that the other tribes shall interpose
their good offices to remove such difficulties, and also that
the Government of the United States may take such measures
as they may deem proper to effect the same object, and see
that full justice is done to the injured party.
Article 8.
It is agreed by the commissioners of the United States, that
in consequence of the Comanche and Witchetaw nations and their
associated bands or tribes of Indians having freely and willingly
entered into this treaty, and it being the first they have
made with the United States or any of the contracting parties,
that they shall receive presents immediately after signing,
as a donation from the United States; nothing being asked
from these nations or tribes in return, except to remain at
peace with the parties hereto, which their own good and that
of their posterity require.
Article 9.
The Commanche and Witchetaw nations and their associated
bands or tribes, of Indians, agree, that their entering into
this treaty shall in no respect interrupt their friendly relations
with the Republic of Mexico, where they all frequently hunt
and the Comanche nation principally inhabit; and it is distinctly
understood that the Government of the United States desire
that perfect peace shall exist between the nations or tribes
named in this article and the said republic.
Article 10.
This treaty shall be obligatory on the nations or tribes
parties hereto from and after the date hereof, and on the
United States from and after its ratification by the Government
thereof.
Done, and signed, and sealed at Camp Holmes, on the eastern
border of the Grand Prairie, near the Canadian river, in the
Muscogee nation, this twenty-fourth day of August, one thousand
eight hundred and thirty-five, and of the independence of
the United States the sixtieth.
- Montfort Stokes, [L.S.]
- M. Arbuckle, Brigadier-General U. S. Army, [L.S.]
Comanches:
- Ishacoly, or the wolf, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Queenashano, or the war eagle, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Tabaqueena, or the big eagle, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Pohowetowshah, or the brass man, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Shabbakasha, or the roving wolf, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Neraquassi, or the yellow horse, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Toshapappy, or the white hare, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Pahohsareya, or the broken arm, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Pahkah, or the man who draws the bow, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Witsitony, or he who sucks quick, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Leahwiddikah, or one who stirs up water, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Esharsotsiki, or the sleeping wolf, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Pahtrisula, or the dog, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Ettah, or the gun, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Tennowikah, or the boy who was soon a man, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Kumaquoi, or the woman who cuts buffalo meat, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Taqquanno, or the amorous man, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Kowa, or the stinking tobacco box, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Soko, or the old man, his x mark, [L.S.]
Witchetaws:
- Kanostowah, or the man who don't speak, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Kosharokah, or the man who marries his wife twice, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Terrykatowatix, the riding chief, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Tahdaydy, or the traveller, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Hahkahpillush, or the drummer, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Lachkah, or the first man in four battles, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Learhehash, or the man who weans children too soon, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Lachhardich, or the man who sees things done in the wrong way, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Noccuttardaditch, or the man who tries to excel the head chief, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Katarded wadick, or the man who killed an enemy in the water, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Losshah, or the twin, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Taytsaaytah, or the ambitious adulterer, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Tokaytah, or the summer, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Musshakratsatady, or the man with the dog skin cap, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Kipsh, or the man with one side of his head shaved, his x mark, [L.S.]
Cherokees:
- Dutch, his x mark, [L.S.]
- David Melton, his x mark, [L.S.]
Muscogees:
- Roley McIntosh, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Chilly McIntosh, [L.S.]
- Cho-co-te-tuston-nogu, or marshal of the Cho-co-te-clan, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Tus-ca-ne-ha, or the marshal, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Tusly Harjoe, or crazy town, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Alexander Lasley, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Neha Harjoe, or crazy marshal, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Tustunucke Harjoe, or crazy warrior, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Powes Emarlo, or marshal of Powes clan, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Cosa Yehola, or marshal of Cosa clan, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Powes Yehola, or marshal of Powes clan, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Toma Yehola, or marshal of Toma clan, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Cosado Harjoe, or crazy Cosada, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Neha Harjoe, or crazy marshal, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Cosada Tustonnogee, or the Cosada warrior, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Octiyachee Yehola, or marshal of Octiyachee clan, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Nulthcup Tustonnogee, or the middle warrior, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Ufala Harjoe, or crazy Ufala, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Cholafixico, or a fox without a heart, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Joseph Miller, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Samuel Brown, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Archi Kennard, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Towannay, or the slender man, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Saccasumky, or to be praised, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Siah Hardridge, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Warrior Hardridge, his x mark, [L.S.]
- George Stedham, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Itchhas Harjoe, or crazy beaver, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Itchofake Harjoe, or crazy deer's heart, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Satockhaky, or the broad side, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Semehechee, or hide it away, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Hoyane, or passed by, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Melola, or waving, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Mateter, or the man who missed it, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Billy, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Tuskia Harjoe, or crazy brave, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Aussy, or the pursuer, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Tohoithla, or standing upon, his x mark, [L.S.]
- John Hambly, [L.S.]
- K. Lewis, [L.S.]
- John Wynn, [L.S.]
- David McKillap, [L.S.]
Choctaws:
- Musha-la-tubbee, or the man killer, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Na-tuck-a-chee, or fair day, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Par-chee-ste-cubbee, or the scalpholder, his x mark, [L.S.]
- To-pi-a-chee-hubbee, or the painted face, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Ya-cha-a-o-pay, or the leader of the warriors, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Tus-qui-hola-tah, or the travelling warrior, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Tic-eban-jo-hubbee, or the first for war, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Nucke Stubbee, or the bullet that has killed, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Toqua, or what you say, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Po-sha-ma-stubbee, or the killer, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Nuck-ho-ma-harjoe, or the bloody bullet, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Thomas Mickie, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Halam-be-sha, or the bat, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Ok-chia, or life, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Tus-ca-homa-madia, or the red warrior, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Tun-up-me-a-moma, or the red man who has gone to war, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Par-homa, or the red hoop, his x mark, [L.S.]
- No-wah-ba, the man who kills the enemy when he meets him, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Hisho-he-meta, or a young waiter, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Cho-ma-la-tubbee, or the man who is sure his enemy is dead, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Hokla-no-ma, the traveller in the town, his x mark, [L.S.]
- William, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Neasho Nubbee, he who knows where the enemy is killed, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Jim, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Eu-eck Harma, or the man who is never tired, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Nat-la Homa, or the bloody man, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Pia-o-sta, or to whoop four times, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Pa-sha-oa-cubbee, or the man who puts his foot on the scalp, his x mark, [L.S.]
- La-po-na, or the man who killed the enemy, his x mark, [L.S.]
- A-mo-na-tubbee, or lying in wait to kill, his x mark, [L.S.]
- A-fa-ma-tubbee, or the man who kills every thing he meets, his x mark, [L.S.]
Osages:
- Fah-ha-la, or the leaping deer, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Shone-ta-sah-ba, or the black dog, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Wah-shin-pee-sha, or the wicked man, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Tun-wan-le-he, or the town mover, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Whoa-har-tee, or the war eagle, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Me-tah-ne-gah, or the crazy robe, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Wah-she-sho-hee, or the smart spirit, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Ah-ke-tah, or the soldier, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Weir-sah-bah-sha, or the hidden black, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Ne-ko-jah, or the man hunter, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Hor-tea-go, or like night, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Wah-hah-tah-nee, or the fast runner, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Wah-nah-shee, or the taker away, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Ces-sah-ba, or the man in black, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Es-kah-mar-ne, or the white horn, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Kou-sah-she-la, or walking together, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Tcha-to-kah, or the buffalo, his x mark, [L.S.]
- O-ke-sah, or the man aside, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Wah-she-wah-ra, or the stopper, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Wah-ho-ba-shungee, ortheidolater, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Tone-ba-wah-tcha-la, or hard to look at the sun rising, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Shoe-chem-mo-nee, or the elk whistler, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Wash-kah-cha, or the tumbler, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Wah-ha, or the Pawnee chief's namesake, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Wah-kee-bah-nah, or the hard runner, his x mark, [L.S.]
- War-tcha-sheen-gah, or the scalp-carrier, his x mark, [L.S.]
- O-shaun-ga-tun-ga, or the big path, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Wah-hee-no-pee, or the bone necklace, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Lee-sap-kah-pee, or the man who missed his enemy, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Wah-to-ke-hak, or raw meat, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Wah-wah-shee, or quick runner, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Kah-he-ka-saree, or chief killer, his x mark, [L.S.]
- O-lash-tah-ba, or plate-licker, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Ma-ne-nah-shee, or the walker, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Shaun-ga-mo-nee, or the fall chief, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Tee-sha-wah-ra, or dry grass, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Ne-kah-wah-shee-tun-gah, or the brave spirit, his x mark, [L.S.]
Senecas:
- Thomas Brant, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Small Crout Spicer, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Isaac, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Mingo Carpenter, his x mark, [L.S.]
- John Sky, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Henry Smith, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Little Town Spicer, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Young Henry, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Peter Pork, his x mark, [L.S.]
- William Johnston, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Big Bone, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Big Isaac, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Civil Jack, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Ya-ga-ha, or the water in the apple, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Cau-ya-que-neh, or the snow drift, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Ya-ta-ato, or the little lake, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Douglass, his x mark, [L.S.]
- George Herring, his x mark, [L.S.]
Quapaws:
- Hi-ka-toa, or the dry man, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Wa-ga-de-tone, or the maggot, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Wa-to-va, or the spider, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Ca-ta-hah, or the tortoise, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Ma-towa-wah-cota, or the dug out, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Wa-go-dah-hou-kah, or the plume, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Ma-com-pa, or the doctor of the nose, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Cas-sa, or the black tortoise, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Haw-tez-chee-ka, or the little cedar, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Ma-so-goda-toah, or the hawk, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Wa-ka-toa-nosa, or the standing man, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Motosa, or the black bear, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Mor-bre-tone, or the little hawk, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Mar-to-ho-ga, or the white bear, his x mark, [L.S.]
- To-se-ca-da, or he who shows his track, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Tah-tah-ho-so, or the wind, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Hi-da-khe-da-sa, or the panther eagle, his x mark, [L.S.]
- O-tene-cah-chee-ka, or he who struck the enemy, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Me-ki-wah-kotah, or the star, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Ka-ti-mo-ne, or clear weather, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Vet-he-ka-ne, or thunder, his x mark, [L.S.]
- Ne-to-sa-mo-ne, or the black freshet, his x mark, [L.S.]
In presence of -
- R. B. Mason, major of dragoons,
- G. Birch, major, U. S. Army,
- Francis Lee, captain, Seventh Infantry,
- Samuel G. I. DeCamp, surgeon,
- W. Seawell, lieutenant and aid de camp; secretary to the commissioners,
- Thomas B. Ballard,
- Augustine A. Chouteau,
- John Hambly, United States interpreter to the Creeks,
- George Herron,
- Leonard C. McPhail, assistant surgeon, U. S. Army,
- Robert M. French
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